Atomic Orbital Shapes
DESCRIPTION
Explore 3D probability cloud visualizations of s, p, and d atomic orbitals. Toggle between 1s, 2s, 2px/y/z, 3dz², 3dxy, and 3dx²-y² orbitals. Adjust particle count, opacity, and size to reveal electron density patterns. Quantum numbers update automatically.
- atomic orbitals
- quantum numbers
- electron density
- s orbital
- p orbital
- d orbital
- AP Chemistry
RELATED VISUALIZATIONS
VSEPR Molecular Geometry
Explore 3D molecular geometries for common electron-domain configurations. Rotate and inspect tetrahedral, trigonal planar, linear, octahedral, and bent structures. Understand how lone pairs distort ideal bond angles.
Periodic Trends Explorer
Interactive heatmap of the periodic table showing ionization energy, electronegativity, atomic radius, and electron affinity trends. Hover any element to see its exact values and electron configuration. Toggle between four properties and observe the patterns across periods and groups.
Reaction Energy Diagrams
Build interactive reaction energy diagrams with adjustable activation energy, ΔH, and catalyst effect. Switch between exothermic and endothermic reactions, watch the transition state and energy levels update live, and animate a molecule traveling along the reaction pathway.
Gas Laws
Interactive gas law explorer with five tabs: Boyle's Law (PV = const), Charles's Law (V∝T), Gay-Lussac's Law (P∝T), Ideal Gas Law (PV=nRT), and Dalton's Law (partial pressures pie chart). Each tab shows an animated particle container, a live graph (hyperbola/linear/PV), and computed result values.